Early machines were uncomplicated machines that substituted one form of effort with a more humanly manageable effort, as exciting a large weight with a
system of pulleys or a lever. Later equipment was also able to substitute natural forms of renewable energy, such as wind, tides, or flowing water, for
human energy. The sailboat replaced the paddled or oared boat. Still later, early forms of automation were fanatical by clock type mechanisms or similar
plans using some form of artificial power source wound-up spring, channeled curving water, or steam to produce some simple, repetitive action, such as
moving figures, creation of music, or playing games. Such early moving devices, featuring human like figures, were known as automatons and date from
maybe 300 BC. In 1801, the patent was subjected for the automated loom using punched cards. This invention by Joseph Marie Jacquard transformed
the textile industry.The most observable part of modern automation can be said to be developed robotics. Some advantages are repeatability, tighter quality control, and
higher efficiency, addition with business systems, increased efficiency productivity and reduction of labor. Some disadvantages are high capital necessities,
severely decreased flexibility, and increased confidence on maintenance and repair. For example, Japan had to scrap many of its industrial robots
when they were establish to be incapable of adaptation to substantially changed manufacture requirements and so not necessarily able to justify their high
first costs.