Server operating system — such as FreeBSD, Solaris, and Linux — are derived from or are similar to UNIX. UNIX was originally a minicomputer operating system, and as servers gradually replaced traditional minicomputers, UNIX was a logical and efficient choice of operating system for the servers. UNIX-based operating systems, many of which are free in both senses, are popular.
Server-oriented operating systems tend to have certain features in common that make them more suitable for the server environment, such as
* GUI not available or optional,
* ability to reconfigure and update both hardware and software to some extent without restart,
* advanced backup facilities to permit regular and frequent online backups of critical data,
* transparent data transfer between different volumes or devices,
* flexible and advanced networking capabilities,
* automation capabilities such as daemons in UNIX and services in Windows, and
* tight system security, with advanced user, resource, data, and memory protection.
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